Cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca de la iguana marina (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) sugieren una reducción del metabolismo durante los eventos de El Niño

Las iguanas marinas de Galápagos (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) tienen la capacidad de reducir su ritmo cardíaco para ahorrar energía en su cuerpo, una adaptación adquirida para enfrentar el evento climático de El Niño. Durante estos períodos, el aumento de la temperatura del océano provoca la disminución de algas, su principal fuente de alimento, lo que representa un riesgo para la supervivencia del único lagarto marino del mundo.

Con el objetivo de comprender cómo las iguanas marinas responden fisiológicamente a la escasez de recursos, un equipo de investigadores llevó a cabo un estudio de 11 años en la isla San Cristóbal, Galápagos. Durante este tiempo, se monitoreó a 665 iguanas marinas, evaluando su frecuencia cardíaca y temperatura corporal, a lo largo de distintos ciclos oceanográficos, incluyendo eventos de El Niño y La Niña.

Los resultados de este estudio revelaron que, ante el calentamiento del océano, las iguanas marinas disminuyen su frecuencia cardíaca, lo que indica una reducción en su tasa metabólica. A pesar de esta disminución, la temperatura corporal de los individuos no presentó cambios significativos, lo que sugiere que este ajuste metabólico es un mecanismo interno de adaptación, más allá de la influencia ambiental directa.

Estos hallazgos refuerzan el conocimiento sobre la capacidad de adaptación de las iguanas marinas, que ya eran conocidas por su habilidad de reducir su tamaño corporal en tiempos de escasez. La comprensión de estas estrategias fisiológicas es fundamental para su conservación, especialmente frente al avance del cambio climático y el aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de los eventos de El Niño.

🔗Lee el artículo completo aquí: https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.13254

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In 2022, the Galapagos Science Center (GSC) and the broader UNC & USFQ Galapagos Initiative will celebrate its 10th Anniversary. We are proud to announce the World Summit on Island Sustainability scheduled to be held on June 26–30, 2022 at the Galapagos Science Center and the Community Convention Center on San Cristobal Island.

The content of the World Summit will be distributed globally through social media and results documented through papers published in a book written as part of the Galapagos Book Series by Springer Nature and edited by Steve Walsh (UNC) & Carlos Mena (USFQ) as well as Jill Stewart (UNC) and Juan Pablo Muñoz (GSC/USC). The book will be inclusive and accessible by the broader island community including scientists, managers, residents, tourists, and government and non-government organizations.

While the most obvious goal of organizing the World Summit on Island Sustainability is to celebrate the 10th Anniversary of the GSC and the UNC-USFQ Galapagos Initiative, other goals will be addressed through special opportunities created as part of our operational planning of the World Summit.

For instance, we seek to elevate and highlight the Galapagos in the island conservation discourse, seeking to interact with other island networks in more obvious and conspicuous ways to benefit the Galapagos Islands, the UNC-USFQ Galapagos Initiative, and the world. We will seize the opportunity to further develop the I2N2 – International Islands Network-of-Networks. Further, we wish to highlight and emphasize multiple visions of a sustainable future for the Galapagos Islands and we cannot do this alone. Therefore, engaging the Ecuadorian Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Tourism, the Government Council of Galapagos, the Galapagos National Park, and local Galapagos authorities, including government and non-government organizations and local citizen groups, is imperative.

The Galapagos Science Center on San Cristobal Island, Galapagos

Borrowing from Hawaii’s and Guam’s Green Growth Program and the Global Island Partnership, we wish to examine existing global programs that emphasize island sustainability and their incorporation into life, policies, and circumstances in the Galapagos Islands. We will also seek to enhance our connections with the institutional members of our International Galapagos Science Consortium and expand the Consortium through the recruitment of other member institutions. We will also work to benefit islands and their local communities by working with citizen groups as well as important NGOs who seek to improve the natural conditions in the Galapagos and diminish the impact of the human dimension on the future of Galapagos’ ecosystems.

Lastly, we will use the World Summit to benefit UNC & USFQ and our constituencies through a strong and vibrant communication plan about the World Summit, creating corporate relationships as sponsors, identifying funding goals through donors, and benefiting our study abroad program for student engagement in the Galapagos Islands. We plan to develop and issue a Galapagos Sustainability Communique after the World Summit that includes the vision and insights of all its participants for a sustainable Galapagos with applicability to global island settings.

We are eager to hear your perspective and have you join us at the World Summit on Island Sustainability!